DHS 157.22(2)(b)(b) If the only intake of radionuclides is by inhalation, the total effective dose equivalent limit is not exceeded if the sum of the deep dose equivalent divided by the total effective dose equivalent limit, and any one of the following, does not exceed unity:
DHS 157.22(2)(b)1.1. The sum of the fractions of the inhalation ALI for each radionuclide.
DHS 157.22(2)(b)2.2. The total number of derived air concentration-hours for all radionuclides divided by 2,000.
DHS 157.22(2)(b)3.3. The sum of the calculated committed effective dose equivalents to all significantly irradiated organs or tissues calculated from bioassay data using appropriate biological models and expressed as a fraction of the annual limit. For purposes of this subdivision, an organ or tissue is deemed to be significantly irradiated if, for that organ or tissue, the product of the weighting factors, wT, and the committed dose equivalent, HT,50, per unit intake is greater than 10% of the maximum weighted value of HT,50, that is, wTHT,50, per unit intake for any organ or tissue.
DHS 157.22(2)(c)(c) If the occupationally exposed individual also receives an intake of radionuclides by oral ingestion greater than 10% of the applicable oral ALI, a licensee or registrant shall account for this intake and include it in demonstrating compliance with the limits.
DHS 157.22(2)(d)(d) A licensee or registrant shall evaluate and, to the extent practical, account for intakes through wounds or skin absorption. The intake through intact skin has been included in the calculation of DAC for hydrogen-3 and does not need to be evaluated or taken into account.
DHS 157.22(3)(3)Determination of external doses from airborne radioactive material.
DHS 157.22(3)(a)(a) A licensee or registrant shall, when determining the dose from airborne radioactive material, include the contribution to the deep dose equivalent, eye dose equivalent, and shallow dose equivalent from external exposure to the radioactive cloud.
DHS 157.22 NoteNote: See Appendix E, footnotes a/ and b/ for methods used for calculating dose from exposure to a radioactive cloud for materials that have a half-life of less than 2 hours.
DHS 157.22(3)(b)(b) Airborne radioactivity measurements and DAC values may not be used as the primary means to assess the deep dose equivalent when the airborne radioactive material includes radionuclides other than noble gases or if the cloud of airborne radioactive material is not relatively uniform in its distribution of radioactive material in the cloud. The determination of the deep dose equivalent to an individual shall be based upon measurements using instruments or individual monitoring devices.
DHS 157.22(4)(4)Determination of internal exposure.
DHS 157.22(4)(a)(a) For purposes of assessing dose used to determine compliance with occupational dose equivalent limits, a licensee or registrant shall, when required under s. DHS 157.25 (2), take suitable and timely measurements of all of the following:
DHS 157.22(4)(a)1.1. Concentrations of airborne radioactive materials in work areas.
DHS 157.22(4)(a)2.2. Quantities of radionuclides in the body.
DHS 157.22(4)(a)3.3. Quantities of radionuclides excreted from the body.
DHS 157.22(4)(a)4.4. Combinations of the measurements in subds. 1. to 3.
DHS 157.22(4)(b)(b) Unless respiratory protective equipment is used, as provided in s. DHS 157.27 (3), or the assessment of intake is based on bioassays, a licensee or registrant shall assume that an individual inhales radioactive material at the airborne concentration in which the individual is present.
DHS 157.22(4)(c)(c) When the physical and biochemical properties of the radionuclides taken into the body or the behavior of the material in an individual is known, a licensee or registrant may do any of the following:
DHS 157.22(4)(c)1.1. Use that information to calculate the committed effective dose equivalent, and, if used, the licensee or registrant shall document that information in the individual’s record.
DHS 157.22(4)(c)2.2. Upon prior approval of the department, adjust the DAC or ALI values to reflect the actual physical and chemical characteristics of airborne radioactive material, for example, aerosol size distribution or density.
DHS 157.22(4)(c)3.3. Separately assess the contribution of fractional intakes of Class D, W or Y compounds of a given radionuclide to the committed effective dose equivalent.
DHS 157.22 NoteNote: See Appendix E for a description of the pulmonary clearance times of the compounds involved in the exposure.
DHS 157.22(4)(d)(d) If a licensee or registrant chooses to assess intakes of Class Y material using the measurements given in par. (a) 2. or 3., a licensee or registrant may delay the recording and reporting of the assessments for periods up to 7 months, unless otherwise required by s. DHS 157.32 (2) or (3).
DHS 157.22 NoteNote: The delay permits the licensee or registrant to make additional measurements basic to the assessments.
DHS 157.22(4)(e)(e) If the identity and concentration of each radionuclide in a mixture are known, the fraction of the DAC applicable to the mixture for use in calculating DAC-hours shall be either of the following:
DHS 157.22(4)(e)1.1. The sum of the ratios of the concentration to the appropriate DAC value, that is, D, W or Y, from Appendix E for each radionuclide in the mixture.
DHS 157.22(4)(e)2.2. The ratio of the total concentration for all radionuclides in the mixture to the most restrictive DAC value for any radionuclide in the mixture.
DHS 157.22(4)(f)(f) If the identity of each radionuclide in a mixture is known, but the concentration of one or more of the radionuclides in the mixture is not known, the DAC for the mixture shall be the most restrictive DAC of any radionuclide in the mixture.
DHS 157.22(4)(g)(g) When a mixture of radionuclides in air exists, a licensee or registrant may disregard certain radionuclides in the mixture if all of the following apply: