NR 716.11 Note Note: The use of piezometers may not be appropriate for all situations, including at the source area, or where a documented upward gradient exists downgradient of a source area.

NR 716.11(5)(g) (g) The presence and concentration of vapors sub-slab, when investigation of soil, soil gas or groundwater indicates that vapors may migrate to the foundation of an occupied building, taking into account the biodegradability of vapors, preferential pathways of vapor movement, or other physical or chemical factors affecting vapor movement into occupied buildings.

NR 716.11(5)(h) (h) The presence and concentration of vapors in indoor air, when it is necessary to determine the impact on an occupied structure considering applicable attenuation factors, land use, building size and other site-specific factors that affect exposure to vapor.

NR 716.11 Note Note: Indoor air samples are expected to be collected and analyzed in most cases where vapor migration into an occupied residential setting is likely. A residential setting may include single or multiple family housing, and educational, childcare, and elder care facilities. Sampling and analysis is conducted to determine levels of the contaminants of concern. Indoor air sampling is not recommended in locations where the contaminant of concern is currently used in commercial or industrial operations.

NR 716.11(6) (6) Responsible parties shall manage investigative wastes in a manner that will not pose a threat to public health, safety, or welfare or the environment, and which is consistent with state and federal regulations.

NR 716.11(7) (7) Responsible parties shall label all drums containing investigative wastes, including drill cuttings and purge water, with the Bureau for Remediation and Redevelopment Tracking System activity number for the site, the site name, boring or well number, initial date of collection, and the contents.

NR 716.11 History History: Cr. Register, April, 1994, No. 460, eff. 5-1-94; am. (3) (b), Register, April, 1995, No. 472, eff. 5-1-95; emerg. cr. (3) (c), am. (5) (a), eff. 5-18-00; cr. (3) (c), am. (5) (a), Register, January, 2001, No. 541, eff. 2-1-01; CR 12-023: cr. (2g), (2r), am. (3) (c), cr. (3) (d), (5) (e) to (h), (7) Register October No. 694, eff. 11-1-13.

NR 716.13 NR 716.13 Sampling and analysis requirements.

NR 716.13(1) (1) Responsible parties shall use laboratory analyses of environmental media samples which are collected, handled and analyzed in compliance with subs. (2) to (17) to confirm the nature and extent and evaluate the impacts of contamination, if a field investigation is required under s. NR 716.11 (1). Analytical methods used shall be suitable for the matrix, type of analyte, expected level of analyte, regulatory limit, and potential interferences in the samples to be tested.

NR 716.13(2) (2) All chemical and physical analyses for which accreditation is available under ch. NR 149 shall be conducted by a laboratory accredited under ch. NR 149.

NR 716.13(3) (3) Responsible parties may use non–laboratory methods of sample analysis, including field screening with a photoionization detector or flame ionization detector, analysis with a field gas chromatograph, geophysical or downhole probe surveying, non–certified mobile laboratory analysis, immunoassays and other appropriate methods, to supplement the information derived from laboratory analysis of samples. If non–laboratory methods are used at a location from which a laboratory sample is collected, responsible parties shall use separate samples for the non–laboratory and the laboratory analyses, unless the target compound is not subject to loss or alteration through sample handling.

NR 716.13(4) (4) All soil samples obtained during the field investigation for the purpose of defining the degree and extent of the contamination shall be discrete, not composite, samples, unless the department explicitly approves in advance composite sampling for a specific site situation.

NR 716.13(5) (5) Maximum holding times for soils shall be in accordance with the sampling method, sample storage container, and analytical methods used.

NR 716.13(6) (6) Responsible parties shall provide for the following quality control and quality assurance procedures, at a minimum, when collecting samples for laboratory analysis for a field investigation conducted under this chapter:

NR 716.13(6)(a) (a) Chain of custody shall be documented from the time of sample collection to the receipt of the sample by the analytical laboratory. Chain of custody documentation shall be in compliance with ch. NR 149, and shall be submitted to the department with the sample results.

NR 716.13(6)(b) (b) For soil samples, one temperature blank for every shipping container of samples that require cooling for preservation, unless samples are received by the laboratory on ice, unless another temperature is required by the analytical method used.

NR 716.13(6)(c) (c) For water samples:

NR 716.13(6)(c)1. 1. One replicate sample for every 10 or less samples.

NR 716.13(6)(c)2. 2. One equipment blank for every 10 or less samples, unless dedicated sampling equipment is used to prevent cross-contamination.

NR 716.13(6)(c)3. 3. One trip blank for each shipping container that contained volatile samples.

NR 716.13(6)(c)4. 4. One temperature blank for every shipping container of samples that require cooling for preservation, unless samples are shipped on ice.

NR 716.13(6)(d) (d) Decontamination of all sampling instruments between each sampling event, unless dedicated or disposable sampling devices are used in a manner that prevents cross contamination or other unintended contamination of samples.

NR 716.13(7) (7) Responsible parties shall ensure that the following items are documented during the field investigation and are made available to the department upon request:

NR 716.13(7)(a) (a) Procedures for sampling and all other routine activities associated with the site investigation.

NR 716.13(7)(b) (b) A log of all routine and non-routine maintenance and calibrations performed on all instruments used during the field investigation.

NR 716.13(7)(c) (c) Field notes describing in detail the sequence of activities that took place during the field investigation.

NR 716.13(8) (8) For soil and water samples, the reporting limit for volatile organic compound analysis and petroleum volatile organic compound analysis shall be the method detection limit for the analytical method used. If the results are less than the method detection limit, the results shall be reported as less than the method detection limit, rather than no detect. Qualifiers used for the data shall also be reported.

NR 716.13 Note Note: Section NR 140.16 (2) (c) requires that the analytical method selected meet one of the following criteria: 1) has a limit of detection and limit of quantitation below the preventive action limit or 2) produces the lowest available limit of detection and limit of quantitation if the limit of detection and limit of quantitation are above the preventive action limit. In addition, s. NR 140.14 (3) specifies whether a standard has been attained or exceeded if a preventive action limit or enforcement standard is equal to or less than the limit of quantitation.

NR 716.13 Note Note: Chapter NR 720 specifies whether a soil cleanup standard has been exceeded if the standard is at or below the limit of quantitation.