Chapter NR 294

Register November 1997 No. 503

Chapter NR 294

SOAP AND DETERGENT MANUFACTURING

NR 294.01   Purpose.

NR 294.02   Applicability.

NR 294.03   Definitions.

NR 294.04   Compliance with effluent limitations and standards.

NR 294.06   Application of effluent limitations and standards.

NR 294.10   Effluent limitations, best practicable treatment.

NR 294.11   Effluent limitations, best available treatment.

NR 294.12   Standards of performance.

NR 294.13   Pretreatment standards.

NR 294.01 NR 294.01 Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to establish effluent limitations, standards of performance, and pretreatment standards for discharges of process wastes from the soap and detergent manufacturing category of point sources and subcategories thereof.

NR 294.01 Note Note: The authority for promulgation of this chapter is set forth in ch. NR 205.

NR 294.01 History History: Cr. Register, June, 1976, No. 246, eff. 7-1-76.

NR 294.02 NR 294.02 Applicability. The effluent limitations, standards of performance, pretreatment standards, and other provisions in this chapter are applicable to pollutants or pollutant properties in discharges of process waste resulting from the manufacture of soap and detergent products, intermediate products, and associated processing operations in the following subcategories:

NR 294.02(1) (1) Soap manufacture by the batch kettle process in which neat soap is produced through saponification of animal and vegetable fats and oils by boiling;

NR 294.02(2) (2) Fatty acid manufacture by hydrolysis and subsequent processing to produce a suitable feed material for manufacture of soap by fatty acid neutralization,

NR 294.02(2)(a) (a) Where subsequent processing does not include hydrogenation, and

NR 294.02(2)(b) (b) Where subsequent processing includes hydrogenation;

NR 294.02(3) (3) Soap manufacture by neutralizing refined fatty acids with an alkaline material in approximately stoichiometric amounts;

NR 294.02(4) (4) Glycerine concentration of sweet water from saponification or fat splitting to approximately 60 to 80% crude glycerine content;

NR 294.02(5) (5) Glycerine distillation from crude glycerine to produce finished glycerine of various grades (e.g. UPS);

NR 294.02(6) (6) Manufacture of soap flakes and powders including all operations commencing with drying of the soap to and including packaging of the finished flakes and powders;

NR 294.02(7) (7) Manufacture of bar soaps including all drying, milling, plodding, stamping, and packaging operations associated with conversion of neat soap to finished bar soaps;

NR 294.02(8) (8) Manufacture of liquid soaps including the blending of ingredients and the packaging of the finished products;

NR 294.02(9) (9) Manufacture of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid esters by means of sulfonation and sulfation of raw materials, including but not limited to petroleum derived alkyls, employing oleum;

NR 294.02(10) (10) Manufacture of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid esters by means of sulfonation and sulfation employing air and sulfur trioxide;

NR 294.02(11) (11) Sulfonation of organic reactants by the process in which the organic reactant and sulfur trioxide are fed through a mixing nozzle into a vacuum reactor;

NR 294.02(12) (12) Sulfation processes in which sulfamic acid is employed as the sulfating agent;

NR 294.02(13) (13) Sulfation of alcohols, alkylphenols, and alcohol ethoxylates utilizing chlorosulfonic acid as the sulfating agent;

NR 294.02(14) (14) Neutralization of sulfated and sulfonated alkylbenzenes, alcohols, and other materials to convert them to neutral salts;

NR 294.02(15) (15) Manufacture of spray dried detergents, including but not limited to, assembly and storage of raw materials, crutching, spray drying, blending (including tumble spraying of additives), and packaging where there is, with or without fast turnaround operation, as defined in s. NR 294.03,

NR 294.02(15)(a) (a) Normal operation of a spray drying tower, or

NR 294.02(15)(b) (b) Air quality restricted operation of a spray drying tower;

NR 294.02(16) (16) Manufacture of liquid detergents commencing with the blending of ingredients to and including bottling or packaging finished products involving, as defined in s. NR 294.03, either normal liquid detergent operations, or fast turnaround operations;

NR 294.02(17) (17) Manufacture of detergents by dry blending ingredients, including, but not limited to, blending and subsequent packaging;

NR 294.02(18) (18) Manufacture of drum dried detergents including, but not limited to, drying of formulations on heated drums or rollers, conversion of dried detergents to powders or flakes, and the packaging of finished products; and

NR 294.02(19) (19) Manufacture of detergent bars and cakes including, but not limited to, drying, milling, plodding, stamping, and packaging.

NR 294.02 History History: Cr. Register, June, 1976, No. 246, eff. 7-1-76.

NR 294.03 NR 294.03 Definitions. The following special definitions are applicable to terms used in this chapter. Definitions of other terms and meanings of abbreviations are set forth in ch. NR 205.

NR 294.03(1) (1) “Anhydrous product” means the theoretical product that would result if all water were removed from the actual product.

NR 294.03(2) (2) “Neat soap” means the solution of completely saponified and purified soap containing 20-30% water which is ready for final formulation into a finished product.

NR 294.03(3) (3) “Surfactant” means those methylene blue active substances amenable to measurement by the method described on page 131 of “Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes”, published 1971 by the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory of the Environmental Protection Agency. Copies of this document are available for inspection at the office of the department of natural resources, the secretary of state’s office, and the office of the legislative reference bureau, and may be obtained for personal use from the Water Quality Office, U.S. EPA, 1014 Broadway, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45268.

NR 294.03(4) (4) “Sweet water” means the solution of 8-10% crude glycerine and 90-92% water that is a by-product of saponification or fat splitting.

NR 294.03(5) (5) “Normal operation” of a spray drying tower means operation utilizing formulations that present limited air quality problems from stack gases and associated need for extensive wet scrubbing, and without more than 6 turnarounds in a 30 day consecutive period, thus permitting complete recycle of waste water.

NR 294.03(6) (6) “Air quality restricted operation” of a spray drying tower means an operation utilizing formulations (e.g. those with high non-ionic content) which require a very high rate of wet scrubbing to maintain desirable quality of stack gases, and thus generate much greater quantities of waste water than can be recycled to process.

NR 294.03(7) (7) “Fast turnaround operation” of a spray drying tower means operation involving more than 6 changes of formulation in a 30 consecutive day period that are of such degree and type (e.g. high phosphate to no phosphate) as to require cleaning of the tower to maintain minimal product quality.

NR 294.03(8) (8) “Normal liquid detergent operations” means all such operations except those defined as fast turnaround operation of automated fill lines.

NR 294.03(9) (9) “Fast turnaround operation of automated fill lines” means an operation involving more than 8 changes of formulation in a 30 consecutive day period that are of such degree and type as to require thorough purging and washing of the fill line to maintain minimal product quality.

NR 294.03(10) (10) “BOD7” means the biochemical oxygen demand as determined by incubation at 20‘ C for a period of 7 days using an acclimated seed. Agitation employing a magnetic stirrer set at 200 to 500 rpm may be used.

NR 294.03 History History: Cr. Register, June, 1976, No. 246, eff. 7-1-76; correction made in (3) under s. 13. 92 (4) (b) 6., Stats., Register April 2013 No. 688.

NR 294.04 NR 294.04 Compliance with effluent limitations and standards. Discharge of pollutants from facilities subject to the provisions of this chapter may not exceed, as appropriate:

NR 294.04(1) (1) By July 1, 1977 effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best practicable control technology currently available;

NR 294.04(2) (2) By July 1, 1983 effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable;

NR 294.04(3) (3) Pretreatment standards for discharges to publicly owned treatment works;

NR 294.04(4) (4) Standards of performance for new sources.